S. pneumoniae Antigen Rapid Test Cassette (Urine)

Application:

The S. pneumoniae Antigen Rapid Test Cassette (urine) is a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigens in human urine specimen.

Description:

Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic (under aerobic conditions) or beta-hemolytic (under anaerobic conditions), facultative anaerobic member of the genus Streptococcus, 1 As a significant human pathogenic bacterium S. pneumoniae was recognized as a major cause of pneumonia in the late 19 th century, and is the subject of many humoral immunity studies. S. pneumoniae resides asymptomatically in healthy carriers typically colonizing the respiratory tract, sinuses, and nasal cavity. However, in susceptible individuals
with weaker immune systems, such as the elderly and young children, the bacterium may become pathogenic and spread to other locations to cause disease. It spreads by direct person-to-person contact via respiratory droplets and by autoinoculation in persons carrying the bacteria in their upper respiratory tract. 2 It can be a cause of neonatal infections. 3 S. pneumoniae is the main cause of community acquired pneumonia and meningitis in children and the elderly, 4 and of septicemia in those infected with HIV. The organism also causes many types of pneumococcal infections other than pneumonia. These invasive pneumococcal diseases include bronchitis, rhinitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, meningitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, septic
arthritis, endocarditis, peritonitis, pericarditis, cellulitis, and brain abscess.

How to use?

Allow the test, specimen and/or controls to reach room temperature (15-30°C)prior to testing.
1. Remove the test cassette from the foil pouch and use it within one hour. Best results will be obtained if the test is performed immediately after opening the foil pouch.
2. Place the cassette on a clean and level surface.
3. Absorb the urine specimen with a dropper, add 3 full drops (approx.120ul) specimen into the sample well of test cassette vertically.
4. Wait for the colored line(s) to appear. Read results at 15 minutes. Do not interpret the result after 20 minutes.

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

(Please refer to the illustration above)
POSITIVE: * Two lines appear. One colored line should be in the control line region (C) and the other colored line should be in the test line region (T). A positive result indicates that S. pneumoniae antigens are present in the specimen.
*NOTE: The intensity of the color in the test line region (T) will vary depending on the concentration of S. pneumoniae antigens present in the specimen. Therefore, any shade of color in the test line region (T) should be considered positive.
NEGATIVE: One colored line appears in the control line region (C). No line appears in the test line region (T). A negative result indicates that S. pneumoniae antigen is not present in the specimen, or is present below the detectable level of the test.
INVALID: Control line fails to appear. Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques are the most likely reasons for control line failure. Review the procedure and repeat the test with a new test. If the problem persists, discontinue using the test kit immediately and contact your local distributor.